Florida LAKEWATCH

Hot Off the Press: Lake Life, Classified!

What’s Your Lake’s Trophic State? Learn how scientists classify lakes by biological productivity in FA268: Trophic State – A Waterbody’s Ability to Support Plants, Fish, and Wildlife. This UF/IFAS Florida LAKEWATCH guide uses water chemistry—chlorophyll, phosphorus, nitrogen, and clarity—to assess lake health. Great for managers, educators, and residents!

Resources

In support of the Land Grant Mission, Florida LAKEWATCH offers a variety of educational materials designed to enhance understanding and stewardship of Florida’s aquatic ecosystems. Our collection includes a wide range of resources developed from LAKEWATCH data and collaborations with agency partners. Use the category buttons to browse by media type, or explore our searchable table to find books, circulars, pamphlets, and citation references. Please note: the table does not include newsletter articles, videos, or waterbody reports.

Type	Name	Author	Year
Book	Socio-political Influences Affecting the Management & Restoration of Okeechobeeland: Lake Okeechobee and the Greater Everglades	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer	2023
Book	Living at the lake	Michael D. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1999
Book	Florida freshwater plants a handbook of common aquatic plants in Florida lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Charles A. Horsburgh, Karen Brown	1996
Book	Handbook of common freshwater fish in Florida lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1994
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Common Aquatic Birds Using Florida Lakes was published, helping readers identify and understand bird species frequenting Florida’s lakes.	Mark V. Hoyer	2020
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Muck: Causes and Corrective Actions was released, offering practical insights into managing sediment buildup in Florida lakes.	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Mark Brenner	2017
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Aquatic Plants in Florida Lakes was published, educating readers on the role and management of aquatic vegetation.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2007
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Fish Communities and Trophic State in Florida Lakes was released, exploring the link between fish populations and lake productivity.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2007
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Oxygen and Temperature was published, explaining how these two critical factors influence aquatic life and water quality.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2004
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Color was released, helping readers understand what lake color reveals about underlying water chemistry and biological activity.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2004
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Bacteria was published, offering insights into microbial life in lakes and its implications for water quality and public health.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2003
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Fish Kills was released, providing explanations for common causes and what they indicate about lake health.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2003
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Symbols, Abbreviations, and Conversion Factors was published to help readers interpret scientific data and measurements.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2002
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Water Clarity was released, exploring how light penetration affects aquatic ecosystems and how clarity is measured.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2001
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Lake Morphometry was published, detailing how lake shape and depth influence water movement and ecology.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2001
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—The ABCs introduced foundational concepts in lake science for new volunteers and curious citizens.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2000
Circular	A Beginner's Guide to Water Management—Nutrients was released, explaining the roles of nitrogen and phosphorus in lake productivity and water quality.	Florida LAKEWATCH	2000
Pamplets	Trophic State	Elizabeth Moreau, Gretchen Lescord	2025
Pamplets	Amoeba	Florida LAKEWATCH
Pamplets	Lake Regions	Florida LAKEWATCH
Pamplets	Lake Watch Data Explained	Florida LAKEWATCH
Pamplets	Swimmer's Itch	Florida LAKEWATCH
Pamplets	The Coastal Dune Lakes	Florida LAKEWATCH, Hal Rhodes, Tracy Howell
Bibliography	Assessing factors that influence lake water–column total phosphorus variability within Florida’s nutrient zones	Chris C. Anderson, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr	2020
Bibliography	To measure chlorophyll or phytoplankton biovolume: an aquatic conundrum with implications for the management of lakes	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Liselotte S. Johansson, Martin Søndergaard, Erik Jeppesen	2019
Bibliography	Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes	Chao Xiong, Mark V. Hoyer	2019
Bibliography	Possible sediment mixing and the disparity between field measurements and paleolimnological inferences in shallow Iowa lakes in the Midwestern United States	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2018
Bibliography	Global patterns in the metacommunity structuring of lake macrophytes: regional variations and driving factors	Janne Alahuhta, Marja Lindholm, Claudia P. Bove, Eglantine Chappuis, John Clayton, Mary de Winton, Tõnu Feldmann, Frauke Ecke, Esperança Gacia, Patrick Grillas, Mark V. Hoyer, Lucinda B. Johnson, Agnieszka Kolada, Sarian Kosten, Torben Lauridsen, Balázs A. Lukács, Marit Mjelde, Roger P. Mormul, Laila Rhazi, Mouhssine Rhazi, Laura Sass, Martin Søndergaard, Jun Xu, Jani Heino	2018
Bibliography	Long-term chlorophyll trends in Florida lakes	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer	2018
Bibliography	The extent that natural lakes in the United States of America have been changed by cultural eutrophication	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2017
Bibliography	Choosing Spatial Units for Landscape-Based Management of the Fisheries Protection Program	Derrick T. de Kerckhove, Joseph A. Freedman, Kyle L. Wilson, Mark V. Hoyer, Curtis Chu, Charles K. Minns	2017
Bibliography	Monitoring by citizen scientists demonstrates water clarity of Maine (USA) lakes is stable, not declining, due to Fisheries	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Roger W. Bachmann, Dana B. Stephens, Mark V. Hoyer, Linda Bacon, Scott Williams, Matthew Scott	2017
Bibliography	Effects of pH and specific conductance confound the use of the Florida Lake Vegetation Index to identify anthropogenic eutrophication	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2017
Bibliography	Climate Variability Influences Cyanobacteria Blooms in Shallow Florida Lakes	Karl E. Havens, Mark V. Hoyer, Edward J. Phlips, Akaepot Srifa	2016
Bibliography	Littoral sediment accumulation 10-years after muck removal in Lake Tohopekaliga, FL, USA	Mark V. Hoyer, Michael D. Netherland, David Jones	2016
Bibliography	Evaluating estimators of species richness: the importance of considering statistical error rate	Daniel C. Gwinn, Michael S. Allen, Kimberly I. Bonvechio, Mark V. Hoyer, Leah S. Beesley	2016
Bibliography	Regional Distribution of Secchi Disk Transparency in Waters of the United States	Dana L. Bigham Stephens, Robert E. Carlson, Christine A. Horsburgh, Mark V. Hoyer, Roger W. Bachmann, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2015
Bibliography	Chain of eutrophication models for assessing the potential impact of nutrient enrichment on Choctawhatchee Bay, FL, USA	Mark V. Hoyer, Julia B. Terrell, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2014
Bibliography	Florida LAKEWATCH: Citizen Scientists Monitoring Aquatic Systems and How Data Are Used	Mark V. Hoyer, Dana L. Bigham, Roger W. Bachmann, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2014
Bibliography	The extent that natural lakes in the United States of America have been changed by cultural eutrophication	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2013
Bibliography	Factors determining the distributions of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and chlorophyll a in Florida lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Dana L. Bigham, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2012
Bibliography	Phosphorus, nitrogen and the designated uses of Florida lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Dana L. Bigham, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2012
Bibliography	A strategy for establishing numeric nutrient criteria for Florida lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Dana L. Bigham, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2012
Bibliography	Lack of lake augmentation effects on aquatic macrophyte abundance and distribution in west-central Florida lakes, USA	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Michael D. Netherland, Douglas A. Leeper	2011
Bibliography	Monitoring freshwater fish in Florida lakes using electrofishing: Lessons learned	Roger W. Bachmann, Jason P. Bennett, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2011
Bibliography	Rapid accretion of dissolved organic carbon in the springs of Florida: the most organic-poor natural waters	Carlos M. Duarte, Yves T. Prairie, Thomas K. Frazer, Mark V. Hoyer, Susan K. Notestein, Rafael Martínez, Amanda Dorsett, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2010
Bibliography	Carbon Dioxide Supersaturation in Florida Lakes	Jenney K. Lazzarino, Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2009
Bibliography	Fish kills in Florida’s canals, creeks/rivers, and ponds/lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, David L. Watson, Daniel J. Willis, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2009
Bibliography	Factors affecting the maximum depth of colonization by submersed macrophytes in Florida lakes	Alexis J. Caffrey, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2009
Bibliography	Community Structure and environmental conditions in shallow lakes dominated by submerged aquatic vegetation	Binhe Gu, Mark V. Hoyer	2009
Bibliography	Relation Between water chemistry and water quality as defined by lake users in Florida	Mark V. Hoyer, Charles D. Brown, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2009
Bibliography	An alternative to proposed phosphorus TMDLs for management of Lake Okeechobee	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Carlos Fernandez, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2009
Bibliography	Lack of exotic hydrilla infestation effects on plant, fish and aquatic bird community measures	Mark V. Hoyer, Jennifer L. Donze, Eric J. Schulz, Daniel J. Willis, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2008
Bibliography	Cell death in lake phytoplankton communities	Susana Agustí, Eva Alou, Mark V. Hoyer, Thomas K. Frazer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2006
Bibliography	Total coliform and Escherichia coli counts in 99 Florida lakes with to some common limnological factors	Mark V. Hoyer, Jennifer L. Donze, Eric J. Schulz, Daniel J. Willis, Daniel E. Canfield Jr	2006
Bibliography	Bird density, biomass, and species richness on five Florida coastal rivers, with comparisons to Florida lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Sky K. Notestein, Thomas K. Frazer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2006
Bibliography	Lake level and trophic state variables among a population of shallow Florida lakes and within individual lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Christine A. Horsburgh, Daniel E. Canfield Jr, Roger W. Bachmann	2005
Bibliography	Predicting the Frequencies of High Chlorophyll Levels in Florida Lakes from Average Chlorophyll or Nutrient Data	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2003
Bibliography	Volunteer lake monitoring: testing the reliability of data collected by the Florida LAKEWATCH program	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Charles D. Brown, Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer	2002
Bibliography	Nutrient, chlorophyll, and water clarity relationships in Florida’s nearshore coastal waters with comparisons to freshwater lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Thomas K. Frazer, Sky K. Notestein, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2002
Bibliography	Training Grass Carp to respond to sound for potential lake management uses	Daniel J. Willis, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., William J. Lindberg	2002
Bibliography	Relations between trophic state indicators and plant biomass in Florida Lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Christine A. Horsburgh, Mark V. Hoyer, Laura K. Mataraza, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2001
Bibliography	Wind-induced increases in trophic state characteristics of a large (27 km²), shallow (1.5 m mean depth) Florida lake	Eric J. Nagid, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Mark V. Hoyer	2001
Bibliography	Citizen monitoring of aquatic bird populations using a Florida lake	Mark V. Hoyer, John Winn, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2001
Bibliography	Evaluation of macrophyte control in 38 Florida lakes using triploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different stocking rates	Sandra G. Hanlon, Mark V. Hoyer, Charles E. Cichra, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2000
Bibliography	Nutrient-chlorophyll relationships: an evaluation of empirical nutrient-chlorophyll models using Florida and northern temperate lake data	Charles D. Brown, Mark V. Hoyer, Roger W. Bachmann, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2000
Bibliography	Temporal water chemistry trends (1967–1997) for a population of Florida waterbodies	Julia B. Terrell, David L. Watson, Mark V. Hoyer, Michael S. Allen, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2000
Bibliography	The potential for wave disturbance in shallow Florida lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2000
Bibliography	Factors related to gizzard shad and threadfin shad occurrence and abundance in Florida lakes	Michael S. Allen, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	2000
Bibliography	Reply to comment: An index of Biotic Integrity: A test with limnological and fish data from sixty Florida lakes	Eric J. Schulz, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1999
Bibliography	Internal heterotrophy following the switch from macrophytes to algae in Lake Apopka, Florida	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1999
Bibliography	The restoration of Lake Apopka in relation to alternative stable states	Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1999
Bibliography	An Index of biotic integrity: a test using limnological and fish data from 60 Florida lakes	Eric J. Schulz, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1999
Bibliography	Factors related to black crappie populations in 60 Florida lakes	Michael S. Allen, Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1998
Bibliography	Seasonal Patterns of chlorophyll, nutrient concentrations and Secchi Disk transparency in Florida Lakes	Charles D. Brown, Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Roger W. Bachmann, Mark V. Hoyer	1998
Bibliography	The structuring role of macrophytes in lakes: changing influences along lake size and depth gradients	Avital Gasith, Mark V. Hoyer	1998
Bibliography	Intrapopulation feeding diversity in blue tilapia: Evidence from stable-isotope analyses	Binhe Gu, Charles L. Schelske, Mark V. Hoyer	1997
Bibliography	Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen as indicators of diet and trophic structure of the fish community in a shallow hypereutrophic lake	Binhe Gu, Charles L. Schelske, Mark V. Hoyer	1996
Bibliography	Largemouth bass abundance and aquatic vegetation in Florida lakes: An empirical analysis	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1996
Bibliography	Relations between trophic state indicators and fish in Florida (U.S.A.) lakes	Roger W. Bachmann, Bradley L. Jones, Donald D. Fox, Mark V. Hoyer, Lawrence A. Bull, Daniel E. Canfield Jr	1995
Bibliography	Bird abundance and species richness on Florida lakes: Influence of lake trophic status, morphology, and aquatic macrophytes	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1994
Bibliography	A phosphorus-fish standing crop relationship for streams	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1991
Bibliography	An empirical method for characterizing standing crops of aquatic vegetation	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Mark V. Hoyer, Carlos M. Duarte	1990
Bibliography	Limnological factors influencing bird abundance and species richness on Florida lakes	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.	1990
Bibliography	Regional geology and trophic state characteristics of Florida lakes	Daniel E. Canfield Jr., Mark V. Hoyer	1988
Bibliography	Ecological gradients structuring global beta diversity of aquatic macrophytes	Janne Alahuhta, Masatoshi Akasaka, Damien Auderset, Mauro Azzella, László Balázs, Roberto Bolpagni, et al.
Bibliography	A summary of future management recommendations from the Hydrilla Summit in Florida	Mark V. Hoyer, Michael D. Netherland, Michael S. Allen, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.
Bibliography	Aquatic vegetation and fisheries management	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.
Bibliography	Aquatic Plant Management in Lakes and Reservoirs	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.
Bibliography	Lake Size, aquatic macrophytes, and largemouth bass abundance in Florida Lakes: a reply	Mark V. Hoyer, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.
Bibliography	Annulus validation, time of formulation, and mean length at age of three sunfish species in North Central Florida	Lisa Mantini, Mark V. Hoyer, John V. Shireman, Daniel E. Canfield Jr.
Student Theses	Assessing the influence of land use and climate variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes	Chao Xiong	2017
Student Theses	Using the fluid-imaging FLOWCAM to analyze phytoplankton communities in Florida freshwaters of different trophic status	Dawn K. Davis	2015
Student Theses	Assessing Factors That Influence Lake Water Column Total Phosphorus Variability in Florida’s Nutrient Zones	Christopher C. Anderson	2013
Student Theses	Analyses of Temporal Changes in Trophic State Variables in Florida Lakes	Dana L. Bigham	2012
Student Theses	Effects of a catastrophic forest fire on trophic parameters of an outstanding Florida water system	Ivelisse Ruiz Bernard	2012
Student Theses	Spatial and Temporal Differences in Nutrient Concentrations at the Devil's Eye Spring and Devil's Cave System, Florida	Stacey A. Sandrey	2012
Student Theses	Evaluation of the removal of treated municipal effluent on water chemistry and the abundance of submersed vegetation in Kings Bay - Crystal River, Florida	Julia Bishop	2012
Student Theses	Stocking wild-adult largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides floridanus to improve fishing and associated economic activity at Lake Griffin	Kurt W. Larson	2009
Student Theses	Effects of stocking wild-adult largemouth bass on the fishery at Lake Griffin, Florida	Darren J. Pecora	2009
Student Theses	An evaluation: the Florida Department of Environmental Protection's Lake Vegetation Index (LVI)	Eric F. Thomas	2009
Student Theses	Statewide assessment of toxic algal (microcystin) threat in Florida lakes	Dana Lynne Bigham	2008
Student Theses	Factors influencing partial pressure carbon dioxide levels in Florida lakes: pH, aquatic macrophytes, and geology	Jenney L. Kellogg	2007
Student Theses	Factors affecting the maximum depth of plant colonization by submersed macrophytes in Florida lakes	Alexis J. Caffrey	2006
Student Theses	Dietary exposure to organochlorine pesticides p,p'-DDE and dieldrin and their effects on steroidogenesis and reproductive success in bass	Kevin G. Johnson	2005
Student Theses	Assessment of fish and plant communities in Lake Apopka, Florida	Stephen J. Murphy	2005
Student Theses	Identification of Micropterus salmoides floridanus populations in barrow pit ponds using cellulose acetate electrophoresis	Jason R. Childress	2004
Student Theses	Factors affecting total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial counts at 30 lakes in Hillsborough County, Florida	Jennifer Lauren Donze	2004
Student Theses	Physical, chemical, and vegetative characteristics of the Chassahowitzka River	Sky Notestein	2001
Student Theses	Wind-induced sediment resuspension in relation to varying submerged macrophyte coverage in two shallow Florida lakes (Lake Istokpoga and Lake Hatchineha)	Jeanette Lamb	2000
Student Theses	Training grass carp to respond to sound as a fish removal technique	Daniel J. Willis	2000
Student Theses	Evaluation of macrophyte control in 41 Florida lakes using triploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different stocking rates		1999
Student Theses	Lake regions of Florida: water chemistry and aquatic macrophyte data		1999
Student Theses	Water clarity in Kings Bay/Crystal River Florida		1999
Student Theses	A limnological assessment of Lake Newnan, Florida, August 1997-July 1998		1999
Student Theses	Factors influencing the variability of chlorophyll concentrations in Florida lakes : an evaluation of nutrient-chlorophyll models for Florida		1997
Student Theses	The index of biotic integrity : a test using limnological and fish data from 60 Florida lakes		1997
Student Theses	Water, phosphorus, nitrogen, and chloride budgets for Lake Alice, Florida, and documentation of the effects of wastewater removal		1996
Student Theses	Trophic status and fish populations in five lakes of low pH in Northern Florida		1989
Student Theses	The limnological and biological characteristics of Cue Lake, an acidic lake in North Florida		1987
Student Theses	Seasonal variations in water chemistry and zooplankton communities in four macrophyte infested central Florida lakes		1984
Student Theses	Temporal water chemistry trends within individual springs and within a population of Florida Springs	William A. Strong
Student Theses	The current trophic status and primary sport fish populations in two Central Florida lakes thirteen years after the introduction of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)	Charles Hanlon